Investment Property Financing

Investment Property Mortgage Guide for Canadian Investors

Build wealth through real estate. Our comprehensive guide helps Canadian investors understand financing options for rental properties, multi-units, and investment real estate.

20%
Min Down Payment
50+
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Understanding Investment Property Mortgages in Canada

Investment properties require different financing than primary residences. Here's what you need to know.

What Qualifies?

Any property purchased to generate rental income that is not your primary residence is considered an investment property.

  • Single-family rental homes
  • Multi-unit properties (duplex, triplex, fourplex)
  • Condos and townhouses for rent

Down Payment

Investment properties require larger down payments than primary residences in Canada.

  • Minimum 20% down (no CMHC insurance)
  • 25%+ recommended for better rates
  • 35% down for 5+ properties

Interest Rates

Investment property rates are typically 0.15% - 0.50% higher than primary residence rates.

  • Higher risk = higher rates
  • Rates vary by property type
  • Multiple properties = higher rates

Rental Income

Lenders typically use 50-80% of projected rental income to qualify you for the mortgage.

  • 50% offset (most conservative)
  • 80% offset (with lease agreement)
  • Market rent appraisal required

Debt Service Ratios

GDS and TDS calculations include all your properties, not just the investment property.

  • GDS: Up to 39% of gross income
  • TDS: Up to 44% of gross income
  • Portfolio approach for multiple properties

Credit Requirements

Investment property mortgages have stricter credit requirements than primary residences.

  • Minimum 680 credit score
  • 700+ for best rates
  • Clean credit history required

Investment Property Qualification Requirements

Meeting these requirements will position you for approval on your investment property mortgage

Income & Employment

  • Stable Employment or Business Income 2+ years employment history or business operation
  • Sufficient Income to Qualify Must cover both primary residence and investment property
  • Income Documentation Pay stubs, T4s, NOAs, or business financials
  • Rental Income Calculations 50-80% of rental income used for qualification

Down Payment & Reserves

  • Minimum 20% Down Payment Cannot use CMHC insurance on investment properties
  • Source of Down Payment 90-day verification of funds required
  • Cash Reserves 3-6 months of mortgage payments in savings
  • Closing Costs Budget 1.5-4% of purchase price

Additional Documentation & Requirements

Credit Report

Minimum 680 credit score

Property Appraisal

Professional appraisal required

Rental Market Analysis

Comparable rental rates in area

Property Insurance

Landlord insurance quote

Business Plan (Optional)

For serious investors

Legal Documents

Purchase agreement, title search

Investment Property Limits in Canada

Most Canadian lenders have limits on the number of investment properties they'll finance:

  • Big Banks: Typically 4 financed rental properties maximum
  • Alternative Lenders: May finance 5-10 properties with strong portfolio
  • Private Lenders: More flexible but higher rates
  • Portfolio Approach: Required when you own multiple investment properties

Types of Investment Properties

Different property types have different requirements and investment potential

Single-Family Rental Home

Detached or semi-detached homes rented to single families. Most common entry point for new investors.

Down Payment:

20% minimum

Pros:
  • • Easiest to manage
  • • Strong tenant demand
  • • Good appreciation
Cons:
  • • Single income stream
  • • Vacancy = 100% loss
  • • Maintenance costs

Multi-Unit (Duplex, Triplex, Fourplex)

Properties with 2-4 separate rental units. Popular among experienced investors for diversified income.

Down Payment:

20-25% (depends on units)

Pros:
  • • Multiple income streams
  • • Better cash flow
  • • Economies of scale
Cons:
  • • Higher purchase price
  • • More management
  • • Tenant turnover

Condo/Apartment Investment

Individual condo units in buildings. Lower entry cost but with condo fees and special assessments.

Down Payment:

20% minimum

Pros:
  • • Lower purchase price
  • • Less maintenance
  • • Urban locations
Cons:
  • • Condo fees reduce profit
  • • Special assessments
  • • Rental restrictions

Mixed-Use Property

Properties combining commercial and residential space. Common in urban areas with retail on ground floor.

Down Payment:

25-35% (commercial component)

Pros:
  • • Diverse income streams
  • • Higher rents (commercial)
  • • Strategic locations
Cons:
  • • More complex financing
  • • Commercial vacancy risk
  • • Specialized management

Quick Comparison

Property Type Min Down Best For Management Level
Single-Family Home 20% First-time investors Low
Multi-Unit (2-4) 20-25% Growth investors Medium
Condo 20% Low maintenance preference Low
Mixed-Use 25-35% Experienced investors High

Key Investment Strategies

Choose the right strategy based on your goals, timeline, and risk tolerance

Cash Flow Strategy

Focus on generating positive monthly income after all expenses (mortgage, taxes, insurance, maintenance).

Best For:
  • • Investors seeking passive income
  • • Retirees or semi-retired individuals
  • • Those wanting to replace employment income
Key Metrics:
  • • Positive cash flow: $200-500/month per property
  • • Cap rate: 5-8% in major Canadian cities
  • • Cash-on-cash return: 6-10%

Example: $500,000 property with $100,000 down (20%). Monthly rent $2,500, expenses $2,200 = $300 positive cash flow.

Appreciation Strategy

Buy in high-growth areas where property values are expected to increase significantly over time.

Best For:
  • • Long-term wealth building
  • • Investors with stable income to cover negative cash flow
  • • Those targeting hot markets (Toronto, Vancouver, etc.)
Key Considerations:
  • • May have negative cash flow initially
  • • Historical appreciation: 3-5% annually in Canada
  • • Hot markets: 5-10%+ in growth periods

Example: $700,000 Toronto condo. Slight negative cash flow, but $35,000-70,000 annual appreciation (5-10%).

BRRRR Method

Buy, Rehab, Rent, Refinance, Repeat. Build a portfolio by recycling your capital.

Best For:
  • • Experienced investors or contractors
  • • Those who can manage renovations
  • • Investors wanting to scale quickly
Process:
  • 1. Buy below-market property needing work
  • 2. Renovate to increase value
  • 3. Rent at market rate
  • 4. Refinance based on new higher value
  • 5. Pull equity out, repeat

Risk: Requires renovation skills, carries more risk. Budget 20-30% over estimates for unexpected costs.

House Hacking

Live in one unit and rent out the others. Great first step into real estate investing.

Best For:
  • • First-time investors
  • • Those wanting to minimize living expenses
  • • People comfortable living near tenants
Advantages:
  • • Lower down payment (5-10% as owner-occupied)
  • • Tenants pay your mortgage
  • • Live rent-free or significantly reduced
  • • Easy to manage (you're on-site)

Note: Must occupy as primary residence to qualify for lower down payment. Live there 1+ year.

Not Sure Which Strategy Fits You?

Let's discuss your financial goals, timeline, and risk tolerance to determine the best investment approach for your situation.

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Common Mistakes to Avoid

Learn from others' experiences and avoid these costly investment property mistakes

Not Calculating All Expenses Accurately

Poor Tenant Screening Process

Ignoring Location and Market Research

Overleveraging with Too Much Debt

Not Understanding Landlord-Tenant Laws

Skipping Professional Inspections

Need Guidance on Your Investment?

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Canadian Tax Considerations

Understanding tax implications of investment properties in Canada

Tax-Deductible Expenses

These expenses can be deducted from your rental income to reduce taxable income:

  • Mortgage Interest

    Interest portion only (not principal)

  • Property Taxes

    Annual municipal property taxes

  • Insurance

    Landlord/rental property insurance

  • Repairs & Maintenance

    Current expenses to maintain property

  • Property Management Fees

    Professional management services

  • Utilities (if you pay)

    Heat, hydro, water, internet

  • Advertising

    Costs to find tenants

  • Legal & Accounting

    Professional fees related to property

Capital Cost Allowance (CCA)

Depreciation deduction on the building (not land). Be cautious:

⚠️ Important Warning:

Claiming CCA can trigger capital gains recapture when you sell. Many landlords choose NOT to claim CCA to avoid this. Consult your accountant.

  • Class 1 Building

    4% annual depreciation rate

  • Land Not Eligible

    Only building value can depreciate

  • Recapture on Sale

    CCA claimed is added back to income when sold

Capital Gains Tax When You Sell

Investment properties are subject to capital gains tax in Canada (primary residences are exempt).

How It's Calculated:

  • • 66.67% of capital gain is taxable (as of 2024)
  • • Added to your income for that year
  • • Taxed at your marginal rate
  • • Example: $100,000 gain = $66,670 taxable

Reducing Capital Gains:

  • • Add capital improvements to cost base
  • • Deduct selling costs (legal, realtor fees)
  • • Consider timing of sale (lower income year)
  • • Speak with tax professional

GST/HST Considerations

Residential rental properties are generally GST/HST exempt, but there are exceptions:

Not Subject to GST/HST:

  • Long-term residential rentals (30+ days)
  • Condo or apartment rentals

Subject to GST/HST:

  • Short-term rentals under 30 days (Airbnb)
  • Commercial properties

Always Consult a Tax Professional

This guide provides general information only. Tax rules change frequently and your situation is unique. Work with a qualified accountant who specializes in real estate to maximize deductions and minimize tax liability legally.